Energy-Efficient Cooperative MIMO Formation for Underwater MI-Assisted Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks

The energy problem has become one of the critical factors limiting development underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs), and cooperative multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) technology shown advantages in saving. However, design energy-efficient MIMO techniques does not consider actual environment, such as distribution nodes. Underwater magnetic induction (MI)-assisted acoustic WSNs a promising scheme throughput, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), connectivity have been demonstrated. In this paper, potential to reduce consumption is further explored through joint use data aggregation, formation presented make network more efficient. For purpose, we first derive mathematical model analyze during transmission, considering correlation between generated by Based on model, proposed size optimization algorithm, which considers expected transmission distance power constraints. Moreover, competitive algorithm that jointly designs master node (MN) selection can improve efficiency guarantee nodes surface base station (BS). Our simulation results confirm achieves significant savings prolongs lifetime considerably.